Development of Toluene Vapor Adsorbent from Coconut Shell Charcoal and Palm Shell Charcoal

Abstract

          This research aimed to develop the toluene absorbent materials from coconut shell and palm one, which were waste from industrial sectors. As well as to study the effectiveness of toluene vapor adsorption.

          Coconut shell and palm shell burned in oxygenless conditions. Crushed and sieved to (a size of) 1-3 millimetres. Then, the coconut-shell and palm-shell charcoals activated by potassium hydroxide (KOH). The ration between KOH and mix coconut shell and palm one was 1: 1, 1: 3 and 1: 5. Next, the mixture was heated to 800 °C for 2 hours. Iodine number and physical properties were analysed. The good proportion of the toluene vapor adsorbents was tested. Calculate. The cost of developing for the adsorbent material was compared to the activated carbon.

          The optimal conditions of activated carbon from coconut shell showed the best iodine number at 1: 3 at 618.45 mg /g. The results showed that the optimal iodine number was 1:3; equivalent to 605.75 mg/g. Coconut-shell charcoal was characterized by open surface area. It was found a deep hole in the structure and a small internal porous hole formed. The coconut-shell charcoal can be seen as a deep cavity in the charcoal structure. However, the porosity is uneven and porous is covered. The toluene vapor adsorption efficiency of the palm charcoal; coconut-shell charcoal and activated charcoal was 43.6071, 83.96 and 221.83 mg/g respectively. The breakthroughs of the palm charcoal, coconut shell charcoal and activated charcoal were 25.69, 33.94 and 37.11 mg/g, respectively. respectively. The cost of production was 4 times less than that of activated carbon.